Bryophytes classifies mosses and liverworts. These are small, simplistic plants that lack the typical structural supports associated with plants, lacking features such as leaves, stems, roots, or wood. Additionally, instead of reproducing through seeds, bryophytes develop spores for reproduction. These unique traits of bryophytes makes them more reliant on their environment compared to other plants, and thus more susceptible to suffering from environmental destruction.
Pteridophytes include families of ferns and horsetails. Similar to bryophytes, pteridophytes utilizes spores to reproduce. Unlike bryophytes, however, pteridophytes typically have discernable leaves, roots and stalks, allowing them to transport water throughout the plant. Their spores also develop on the undersides of their leaves. Generally, pteridophytes are more common in tropical environments. Here they fall victim to land destruction particularly got use in agriculture.
Gymnosperms or 'conifers' may be especially familiar to those in the northern regions of the United States. These include common trees such as pine and firs. Gymnosperms typically have needles, but can also have frawn-like foliage resembling ferns. Their defining feature, however, is their use of cones for reproduction. Gymnosperms are especially popular for wood farming. Sometimes, this can remove the amount of diversity within a forested space as only a few types of trees are used.
Angiosperms are the most common category of plants, including any flowering variety. These plants reproduce through the usage of seeds and pollen. Many are reliant on pollinators such as bees, butterflies, beetles and birds. Many rely entirely on one specific pollinator, forming a symbiotic relationship. After pollination, many will protect their seeds using fruits. Angiosperms are the broadest plant category, and their flowers, seed and fruits take all shapes and forms.